Scientists find that “perfect” systems may be surprisingly fragile

Northwestern University physicists created a mathematical model showing when differences between network elements increase stability. The effect was confirmed in models of power grids, neurons, flocks, metamaterials, and ecosystems; the work was published September 17 in Science.

• Differences between nodes or connections can increase network stability
• Effect tested on models of power grids, neurons, flocks, and metamaterials
• Simplified models like Kuramoto hid this effect
• Study published September 17 in the journal Science