Lawmaker: Russian cyberattacks cost UK £2–2.5 billion a year

A report by Labour MP Graeme Downie titled "The Putin Tax" estimates Russian cyberattacks and sabotage cost the UK £2–2.5 billion ($2.6–3.3 billion) a year. The authors call it a floor, noting the government holds no official estimates of the economic impact.

• Damage estimated at £2–2.5 billion ($2.6–3.3 billion) a year, described as a floor
• Government holds no estimates of the economic impact of Kremlin-linked incidents
• Largest component assumes Russia is behind 10% of £14.7 billion in annual cybercrime costs to UK business
• Recommendations include annual assessments, cost estimates in NCSC reporting and a public awareness campaign